How to Use: Observe fire extinguishers during normal walkthroughs only - do not discharge and do not move equipment without permission. Look from a safe distance for visibility, condition, and readiness. Note whether extinguishers match nearby hazards. Ask simple questions when appropriate: “When was this last serviced?” “Has it ever been used?”
Classify overall condition as High, Medium, or Low risk based on what you see.
Portable fire extinguishers are for early-stage fires only. If a fire is spreading, evacuate and call 911.
THE BASICS: HOW FIRE EXTINGUISHERS WORK
Fire extinguishers control fire by cooling, smothering, or interrupting the chemical reaction of combustion. Each extinguisher is designed for specific fire types, identified by letter class symbols.
Common Fire Extinguisher Classes
- Class A – Ordinary combustibles (wood, paper, cloth)
- Class B – Flammable liquids (gasoline, oil, grease)
- Class C – Energized electrical equipment
- Class D – Combustible metals (industrial use)
- Class K – Cooking oils and grease (commercial kitchens)
Multi-purpose ABC extinguishers are common in offices and retail spaces but are not suitable for every hazard.
PLACEMENT AND ACCESSIBILITY
Fire extinguishers should be:
- Visible from normal walking paths
- Clearly marked with signage
- Mounted on approved brackets or cabinets
- Free of obstructions such as boxes, furniture, or equipment
Why it matters:
In an emergency, seconds count. If an extinguisher cannot be seen or reached immediately, it may not be usable.
TYPE AND CONDITION
Observe whether:
- The extinguisher type matches nearby fire hazards
- The cylinder shows no dents, corrosion, or leaks
- The hose and nozzle are intact and unobstructed
- Instructions and labels are legible and facing outward
Why it matters:
Damage or mismatch increases failure risk or can worsen the fire.
PRESSURE AND READINESS
Most extinguishers include a pressure gauge. A quick glance should confirm:
- Gauge needle is in the operable (green) range
- Safety pin is present
- Tamper seal is intact
Why it matters:
Low pressure or missing seals may indicate prior use, leakage, or tampering.
INSPECTION AND SERVICE AWARENESS
Fire extinguishers are maintained through:
- Monthly visual checks (in-house)
- Annual professional servicing
Look for inspection tags showing recent service and initials.
Why it matters:
Uninspected or overdue extinguishers may fail during an emergency and create liability exposure.
COMMON ISSUES TO NOTICE
- Blocked or hidden extinguishers
- Missing signage
- Broken seals or missing pins
- Low or over-pressurized gauges
- Outdated or missing inspection tags
These conditions should be reported promptly.
QUESTIONS TO ASK (WHEN APPROPRIATE)
- “Has this extinguisher ever been used?”
- “When was it last professionally serviced?”
- “Do employees know what type this is?”
- “Are extinguishers included in routine checks?”
RISK LEVELS
- High – Missing, blocked, damaged, or uncharged extinguishers
- Medium – Correct type but poor visibility, outdated service, or minor issues
- Low – Proper type, visible, accessible, charged, and recently serviced
KEY SAFETY MESSAGE
Fire extinguishers support life safety — they do not replace evacuation.
If you are unsure, leave immediately and call 911.
LCA Certified Inspector “Observe it. Understand it. Reduce risk.”
Resources:
• OSHA Portable Fire Extinguisher Standard (29 CFR 1910.157)
• National Fire Protection Association 10 – Portable Fire Extinguishers
• National Safety Council Fire Safety Guidance
• United States Fire Administration Fire Prevention Resources
Disclosure: This reference highlights common risk indicator and is not exhaustive. Always verify local codes, carrier requirements, and site-specific hazards.